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Україна (Ukraina) Understanding the difference between cyclic and standby batteries and how they’re used in different applications is crucial for selecting and maintaining VRLA (Valve Regulated Lead Acid) batteries for industrial use.
Standby applications
A float standby application involves maintaining a battery at 100% state of charge using a float charge voltage. This setup ensures the battery is always ready to support an attached load immediately if the mains power fails. The float charge voltage ensures the correct current flow to compensate for any self-discharge characteristic. A common application for an industrial battery system would be an Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS) system.
Yuasa considers a float standby application to be where a battery has no more discharges than is indicated on table below.
Key characteristics of standby applications:
Float charge: the battery is kept at full charge continuously, ensuring it can provide immediate backup power.
Discharge frequency: the battery experiences limited discharges as specified in the table below.
Immediate recharge: there is at least a 72-hour recharge period between consecutive discharges.
Full charge maintenance: the battery spends more than 99.9% of its life on float charge and is never left partially discharged.
Discharge limits for standby applications:
|
DoD* |
Allowable discharges per year (average) |
|
0.1 – 10% |
16-18 |
|
Or |
|
|
11- 30% |
10-12 |
|
Or |
|
|
31- 100% |
2-3 |
*Depth of Discharge (DoD). Within this document, 100% discharge refers to the end of the calculated autonomy period at any given load. A 10% discharge would be a discharge time of 10% of the calculated autonomy at a given load.
Note: Float charge can include intermittent charging patterns, having periods when fully charged, batteries stand at open circuit. However, to ensure battery strings are correctly equalised for state of charge and charge acceptance characteristics, continuous float charge conditions should be applied for at least six months after commissioning or alterations to battery configuration.
Yuasa VRLA standby battery types include:
• SWL+
Cyclic applications
A cyclic application is one where a battery is discharged and recharged on a regular and/or planned basis. A typical application for a cyclic industrial battery system would be an electrical power load shedding system. Cyclic batteries are also commonly used for traction, golf, and mobility applications.
Key characteristics of cyclic applications:
- Regular discharge and recharge: the battery is regularly* subjected to charge times of less than 72 hours between discharges.
- Depth of Discharge (DoD): the battery is regularly* discharged to varying depths.
- Extended periods without charge: after the first use, the battery may experience periods longer than one month without charging within any six-month period.
- Partial discharge state: after the first use, the battery can be left in a partial state of discharge for more than one week.
Yuasa VRLA cyclic battery types include:
• NPC
• REC
• SLR
• Pro-Spec
• ENL
• YBX Active Leisure & Marine AGM
Properly identifying and categorising the application type—whether standby or cyclic—is essential for selecting the right Yuasa VRLA battery and ensuring optimal performance and longevity.
*‘Regularly’ should be considered as more than twice per month on average.
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